String

键值对

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> set name codehole 
OK 
> get name 
"codehole"
> exists name 
(integer) 1 
> del name 
(integer) 1 
> get name 
(nil)

批量键值对

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> set name1 codehole 
OK 
> set name2 holycoder 
OK 
> mget name1 name2 name3 # 返回一个列表
1) "codehole" 
2) "holycoder" 
3) (nil) 
> mset name1 boy name2 girl name3 unknown 
> mget name1 name2 name3 
1) "boy" 
2) "girl" 
3) "unknown"

过期时间

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> set name codehole 
> get name 
"codehole" 
> expire name 5 # 5s 后过期
... # wait for 5s 
> get name 
(nil) 
> setex name 5 codehole # 5s 后过期，等价于 set+expire
> get name 
"codehole" 
... # wait for 5s 
> get name 
(nil)

如果重新设置了值，则过期时间会消失

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> set codehole yoyo 
OK 
> expire codehole 600 
(integer) 1 
> ttl codehole 
(integer) 597 
> set codehole yoyo 
OK 
> ttl codehole 
(integer) -1

如果不存在则创建

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> setnx name codehole # 如果 name 不存在就执行 set 创建
(integer) 1 
> get name 
"codehole" 
> setnx name holycoder 
(integer) 0 # 因为 name 已经存在，所以 set 创建不成功
> get name 
"codehole"  # 没有改变

计数

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> set age 30 
OK 
> incr age 
(integer) 31 
> incrby age 5 
(integer) 36 
> incrby age -5 
(integer) 31 
> set codehole 9223372036854775807 # Long.Max 
OK 
> incr codehole
(error) ERR increment or decrement would overflow

List

模拟队列：右边进左边出

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> rpush books python java golang 
(integer) 3 
> llen books 
(integer) 3 
> lpop books 
"python" 
> lpop books 
"java" 
> lpop books 
"golang" 
> lpop books 
(nil)

模拟栈：右边进左边出

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> rpush books python java golang 
(integer) 3 
> rpop books 
"golang" 
> rpop books 
"java" 
> rpop books 
"python" 
> rpop books
(nil)

索引操作，由于list是链表数据结构而非数组，所以时间复杂度是O(n)

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> rpush books python java golang 
(integer) 3 
> lindex books 1 # O(n) 慎用
"java" 
> lrange books 0 -1 # 获取所有元素，O(n) 慎用
1) "python" 
2) "java" 
3) "golang" 
> ltrim books 1 -1 # 只保留指定区间的元素，O(n) 慎用
OK 
> lrange books 0 -1 
1) "java" 
2) "golang" 
> ltrim books 1 0 # 这其实是清空了整个列表，因为区间范围长度为负
OK 
> llen books 
(integer) 0

Hash

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> hset books java "think in java" # 命令行的字符串如果包含空格，要用引号括起来
(integer) 1 
> hset books golang "concurrency in go" 
(integer) 1 
> hset books python "python cookbook" 
(integer) 1 
> hgetall books      # entries()，key 和 value 间隔出现
1) "java" 
2) "think in java" 
3) "golang" 
4) "concurrency in go" 
5) "python" 
6) "python cookbook" 
> hlen books 
(integer) 3 
> hget books java 
"think in java" 
> hset books golang "learning go programming" # 因为是更新操作，所以返回0
(integer) 0
> hget books golang
"learning go programming"
> hdel books golang   # 删除指定键
(integer) 1

批量操作

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> hmset books java "effective java" python "learning python" golang "modern golang programming" # 批量 set 
OK

计数

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> hincrby user-laoqian age 1  # 增加1
(integer) 30

Set

set相当于没有值的字典，它能保证键不重复

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> sadd books python 
(integer) 1 
> sadd books python # 重复
(integer) 0 
> sadd books java golang 
(integer) 2 
> smembers books # 注意顺序，和插入的并不一致，因为 set 是无序的
1) "java" 
2) "python" 
3) "golang" 
> sismember books java # 查询某个 value 是否存在，相当于 contains(o)
(integer) 1 
> sismember books rust 
(integer) 0 
> scard books # 获取长度相当于 count()
(integer) 3 
> spop books # 弹出一个
"java"
> srem books python   # 删除指定元素
(integer) 1
> srem books python golang   # 删除多个指定元素
(integer) 2

Sort Set

排序列表，可以为每个键指定一个分值，按分值排序

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> zadd books 9.0 "think in java" 
(integer) 1 
> zadd books 8.9 "java concurrency" 
(integer) 1 
> zadd books 8.6 "java cookbook" 
(integer) 1 
> zrange books 0 -1 # 按 score 排序列出，参数区间为排名范围
1) "java cookbook" 
2) "java concurrency" 
3) "think in java" 
> zrevrange books 0 -1 # 按 score 逆序列出，参数区间为排名范围
1) "think in java" 
2) "java concurrency" 
3) "java cookbook" 
> zcard books # 相当于 count()
(integer) 3
> zscore books "java concurrency" # 获取指定 value 的 score
"8.9000000000000004" # 内部 score 使用 double 类型进行存储，所以存在小数点精度问题
> zrank books "java concurrency" # 排名
(integer) 1 
> zrangebyscore books 0 8.91 # 根据分值区间遍历 zset
1) "java cookbook" 
2) "java concurrency" 
> zrangebyscore books -inf 8.91 withscores # 根据分值区间 (-∞, 8.91] 遍历 zset，同时返
回分值。inf 代表 infinite，无穷大的意思。
1) "java cookbook" 
2) "8.5999999999999996" 
3) "java concurrency" 
4) "8.9000000000000004" 
> zrem books "java concurrency" # 删除 value
(integer) 1 
> zrange books 0 -1 
1) "java cookbook" 
2) "think in java"

更多命令可参考：https://www.redis.net.cn/order/